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In order to supplemently evaluate the herbicide prosulfocarb (Boxer®, EC 80%) in controlling wheat weeds, during the 1400 to 1403, field experiments were conducted in four provinces: Alborz (Karaj), Fars (Darab), Golestan (Gonbad Kavous), and Khuzestan (Ahvaz) and a greenhouse experiment was conducted in the Weed Research Department . Field experiment in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications and 14 treatments including: 1 to 3 (application of prosulfocarb herbicide at a rate of 3 l/ha in the stages before first irrigation, after first irrigation and 1 to 2 leaf stages of wheat, ), 4 to 6 ( application of prosulfocarb herbicide at a rate of 3.5 l/ha in the stages before first irrigation, after first irrigation and 1 to 1 leaf stages of wheat), 7 to 9 (application of prosulfocarb herbicide at a rate of 4 l/ha in the stages before first irrigation, after first irrigation and 1 to 2 leaf stages of wheat), 10 (pinoxaden (Axial®, EC 5%) + [bromoxynil + MCPA (bromicide MA®, EC 40%)] at a rate of 1.2 l/ha + 1.5 l/ha, 11 [mesosulfuron methyl + iodosulfuron methyl Sodium + diflufenican (Othello®, OD 6%) [at a rate of 1.6 l/ha, 12] diclofop methyl (Iloxan®, EC 36%) + tribenuron methyl (Granstar®, DF 75%) [at a rate of 2.5 l/ha + 20 g/ha, 13 (metribuzin (Sencor®, WP70%) at a rate of 800 g/ha in divided doses (400 g/ha at the 1st to 2nd leaf stage of wheat and 400 g/ha at the 2nd to 3rd tillering stage of wheat) and 14 (hand weed control) were applied. The effect of the experimental treatments on reducing the density and dry weight of weeds in all four experimental areas was significant (pr<0.05). In Karaj, Boxer herbicide at rates of 3.5 and 4 l/ha with an average of 77 to 95 percent reduction in dry weight of rigid ryegrass (lolium rigidum) was not significantly different from the herbicides Othello, Axial and Iloxan. In Darab, Boxer 4 l/ha with an average of 72 to 75 percent control of ryegrass along with Senkor herbicide had the highest efficiency. In Gonbad Kavoos, Boxer 3 and 3.5 l/ha with 84 to 89 percent control of ryegrass with a dose of 4 l/ha of Boxer had no significant difference and was more effective than the other herbicides. In Ahvaz, Boxer in all doses with more than 92 percent control of ryegrass along with Senkor with more than 98 percent control of ryegrass had the best efficiency. Boxer herbicide was also effective in controlling broadleaf weeds such as tansy mustard (Descurania sophia), prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), common sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus), black-bindweed (Polygonum convolvulus) and common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis), but it was not successful in controlling wild oats (Avena spp.) and littleseed canarygrass (phalaris minor) . The results of visual evaluation (EWRC scale) in the application areas indicated the desired efficiency of Boxer herbicide in controlling ryegrass weeds and some broadleaf weeds. Also, the Anova of the effect of experimental treatments on the number of fertile spikes and wheat grain yield was significant (pr<0.05).In Karaj, treatments of Boxer 3.5 l/ha, in Darab, Boxer 4 l/ha, and in Gonbad, Boxer 3 l/ha did not differ significantly in terms of the number of fertile spikes compared to the hand-weeding control. The results of wheat grain yield also showed that in Karaj and Darab, Boxer 3.5 l/ha herbicide and in Gonbad and Ahvaz, Boxer 3 l/ha were similar in terms of grain yield with the comparative treatment of bromicide MA + Axial and were placed in the same statistical group. Also, based on the summary of the results related to the greenhouse, it can be admitted that a dose of 3 l/ha of Boxer herbicide is sufficient to control sensitive rigid ryegrass biotypes, but doses of 3.5 and 4 l/ha were more effective for controlling resistant rigid ryegrass biotypes. Boxer herbicide application for ryegrass weeds in greenhouse conditions was more effective in the stages of before first irrigation and after first irrigation than in the 1- to 2-leaf stage of ryegrass, while for wild oat control, Boxer herbicide application was more effective in the 1- to 2-leaf stage. In summary, based on the results of field and greenhouse experiments, Boxer herbicide application for ryegrass weed control at a dose of 3 to 3.5 lit/ha is recommended in wheat growing areas where ryegrass cannot be controlled with other available herbicides.
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