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The common method of rice cultivation in Gilan Province is transplanting, which requires high labor and labor costs. In this regard, in this research-extension project, based on the findings of a research project implemented at the Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), rice (Cv. Anam) wet-direct seeding in farmers' fields was evaluated. This project was implemented in the 2023 crop year in farmers' fields in the cities of Rasht, Someh Sara, and Rudsar. Among the three locations studied, direct seeding was not successful in Rudsar. The main reason for the failure in this city was the farmer's failure to observe the sowing date and also the poor irrigation management (Constantly flooded irrigation with drainage of the upstream transplanting plots). The results showed that direct seeding in Rasht had a higher paddy yield of 5444 kg/ha compared to transplanting with 4433 kg/ha. The difference in biomass and paddy yield in Someh Sara between the two planting methods was not significant. The results showed that rice yield in direct seeding system can be higher than transplanting, but this increase depends strongly on the region. On the other hand, direct seeding can lead to a significant reduction in costs by eliminating steps such as; nursery construction, transplanting operations, and also manual weeding operations. In this study, it was found that direct seeding, by eliminating the aforementioned costs, compared to transplanting, led to an increase of 64 to 98 percent in net income from rice farming in machine and manual transplanting in Rasht city, respectively, and 20 to 43 percent in net income in Someh Sara city.
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