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The purpose of the pre-breeding program is to increase the diversity of the winter bread wheat gene pool using the genetic resources of the gene bank, including native populations, wild relatives of wheat, synthetic wheat, and their derivatives, and agricultural traits. In this regard, 97 different wheat genotypes including commercial cultivars, elites, indigenous varieties (Iran, Turkey, and Afghanistan), resistant to yellow rust and brown rust, and good quality for bakery and synthetic wheat derivatives that have been tested in the past years in the form of numerous experiments, evaluated and grouped based on morphophysiological and agronomic indicators, were cultivated in the greenhouse during 2020-2021. In the pre-breeding program, hybridization between genotypes was done in the form of a three-way crossing. So in the first year, the indigenous stocks were crossed with commercial cultivars and advanced lines. Female parents were emasculated when a part of the spikes came out from the sheet, and 2-3 days later, they were pollinated by the male parent using the GO-GO-METHOD. Each cross was done on 4-6 spikes of the female parents. F1s were cultivated in field and greenhouse and their seeds were harvested as F2 generation to advanc to segregation population project for selecting the best plants in the next years.
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