|
|
:
|
The significant increase in the pollution of heavy metals and organic pollutants, their stable nature and high toxicity, is gradually becoming a global crisis. In a recent study, a comprehensive assessment of the spatial distribution of heavy metals including cadmium, lead, nickel, copper, zinc and chromium, and total petroleum hydrocarbons, as well as an assessment of their ecological risks in the sediments of 32 stations located in East and West of Jask, Bandar Abbas (Special area, Bandar Abbas desalination plant, Rajaei wharf, refinery, Tawanir, Bahonar wharf, Suru and Gorsuzan), Qeshm (Zinc smelting, desalination plant, and South-West of side) And Bandar Lengeh (Desalination plant, Langeh estuary, Geshe) during 2021 to 2022 was performed. The concentration of heavy metals showed significant spatial changes between regions. The overview of pollution assessment indices between the regions showed that the stations located in Shahid Bahonar port, Suru and Gorsuzan estuary had a higher intensity of pollution than other places and significant risks of pollution, especially in terms of chromium, nickel and zinc metals. Average of contamination degree (CD) (14.89), modified contamination degree (MCD) (2.48), pollution load index (PLI) (2.32), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) (100.30) in show that the sediments of these areas, especially in the area of Shahid Bahonar, Suru and Gorsuzan estuary, experience significant to high levels of pollution, especially chromium, nickel and zinc. Using contamination factor (CF) and Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), chromium was considered as the most dangerous metal in the studied areas. Based on the global classification of marine sediment quality for the concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons, the sediments of the studied stations in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea were classified as non-polluted to low pollution. Also, in all regions, the PELq values caused by petroleum hydrocarbons in the sediments of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman were much lower than 0.1 and the pollution coefficient was much lower than one, which means the absence of adverse biological effects caused by Total petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments. It is necessary to consider comprehensive and impressive strategies to control and reduce these heavy metal pollutions, especially in the areas of Shahid Bahonar Port, Suru and Gorsuzan estuary, so that the sources of these pollutions can be identified and managed.
|