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In order to investigate the herbicide mesosulfuron methyl (Ritmica®, OF 3%) + mefenpyr diethyl (9%) with + 1 L/ha-1 of accompanying oil for controlling wheat narrow-leaved weeds, an experiment was conducted in the 2022-2023 crop year in a RCBD with four replications in Karaj, Darab, Ahvaz, and Shahrood. The experimental treatments were: 1. (Clodinafop propargyl EC 8%, Topik® 1 L/ha-1), 2. (Fenoxaprop pyethyl EW 7.5%, Pumasuper® 1 L/ha-1), 3. (Mesosulfuron methyl sodium OD 3%, Mesomax 1.2 L/ha-1), 4 to 6 (Mesosulfuron methyl (3%) + Mefenpyr diethyl (9%) Ritmica ® 300, 400 and 500 ml /ha-1 + 1 L/ha-1 of protector (swap 21)), 7. (Mesosulfuron methyl + Iodosulfuron methyl sodium + Mefenpyr diethyl OD 1.2%, Atlantis® at a rate of 1.5 L/ha-1), 8. (Mesosulfuron methyl + Iodosulfuron methyl sodium + Diflufenican + Mefenpyr diethyl OD 8.25%, Othello® at 1.6 L/ha-1) 9. (Pinoxaden EC 5%, Axial® at 1.2 L/ha-1) and 10. (Hand weeding control). The density and dry weight of narrow-leaved weeds of wild oats, ryegrass and Little-seed Canarygrass in all four experimental areas were significantly reduced by the application of herbicides (pr<0.01). In Karaj, all herbicides were effective with an average of 91 to 100 % in controlling wild oats. In Darab, Pumasuper and Topik were less effective with 65 and 85 % control of wild oats, respectively, compared to other treatments (92 to 100 % control). In Shahrood, the herbicide Ritmica 400 ml/ha had an 85 % reduction in wild oats dry weight, which was equivalent to the herbicide Othello. In Karaj, Pumasuper was the weakest herbicide in controlling rye with about 20 % control, but other herbicides reduced ryegrass density and dry weight by 92 to 100 %. In Darab, the superior treatments Mesomax, Ritmica 400 and 500 ml/ha, along with Atlantis, Othello, and Axial, were successful in controlling rye by 50 to 70 %. In Ahvaz, Mesomax with an average of 50 to 70 % control and Ritmica 400 and 500 ml/ha with less than 50 % control of ryegrass were the best treatments. The lack of optimal control of ryegrass in Darab and Ahvaz was related to the very high density of ryegrass and possible resistance to herbicides. Canarygrass weed was also ranked excellent in Darab and Ahvaz by Mesomax, Ritmica 400 and 500 ml/ha, Atlantis and Othello herbicides with more than 85 % control. The results of the visual assessment (EWRC) were also similar to the results related to the reduction of density and dry weight of weeds. The results of biological yield and wheat grain yield showed that Ritmica 500 ml/ha herbicide, despite its relative superiority in increasing wheat yield with a dose of 400 ml/ha of this herbicide, did not have a significant difference. Overall, based on the results obtained, 400 ml/ha of Ritmica herbicide along with one lit/ha of safener is effective for controlling narrow-leaved weeds, wild oats and canarygrass, and is suitable for controlling ryegrass in Karaj, and moderately effective in Darab and Ahvaz (due to high density and resistance), and its use is recommended.
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