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Climate change, recent droughts, and increasing salinity of water and soil in pistachio growing areas of the country, as well as the sensitivity of some cultivars in the orchards, have reduced the yield of the country's pistachio orchards. To increase productivity per unit area, topworking and rejuvenating old trees and changing pistachio cultivars are important issues that should be considered. Therefore, this project was carried out for 4 years from 2020 to 2025 at the Yezbar pistachio station of Qazvin on a one-hectare orchard. 20-year-old trees of the Owhadi cultivar with Qazvini rootstock that did not bear fruit properly were toppled in March and the budded in the spring. The experiment was designed in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications (each replication 10 trees or experimental units) and the treatments included the cultivars Owhadi (no toppling and grafting), Ahmad Aghaei, Akbari and Kallehbozi. The factors of graft-take percentage, vegetative growth rate of grafted branches (length and diameter of the current growth branch), leaf length, length and width of the terminal leaflet, number of reproductive buds, and time of bud burst, flowering and fruit ripening time, and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fruits of the cultivars were investigated. According to the results, the highest and lowest length and diameter of the current-year branch belonged to the Akbari and Owhadi cultivars, respectively. The highest and lowest number of flower buds belonged to the Kallehbozi (11.66) and Owhadi (5.66) cultivars, respectively. The Kallehbozi was the earliest-flowering and earliest-maturing cultivar, and the Akbari was the latest-flowering and latest-maturing cultivar. The highest and lowest number of clusters on the branch and the number of nuts per cluster belonged to the Kallehbozi and Owhadi cultivars, respectively. Kallehbozi and Ahmad-Aghaei cultivars showed the highest fruit fresh, fruit dry weight and nut splitting. The lowest (23) and highest (33) ounces of nut belonged to the Akbari and Kallehbozi cultivars, respectively. The lowest nut splitting (51.33%), the highest blankness (17.3%), and the highest non-splitted nuts (48.66%) were observed in the Owhadi cultivar. Based on the results, the Owhadi is not a suitable cultivar for the Qazvin region, and the Kallehbozi and Ahmad Aghaei cultivars showed better adaptation to the region. However, the Kallehbozi cultivar is not recommended as a commercial cultivar due to its high ounce and the fact that it has a high rate of fruit drop until harvest. However, due to the short growing season in the Qazvin region and the short growth period of the fruit, as well as its green kernel and good taste, it is of interest to gardeners in the region.
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