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This research, In Fars Breeding Center for Native Chicken was conducted with the aim of improving performance in economic traits (body weight at 8 weeks of age (BW8), body weight at 12 weeks of age (BW12), age at sexual maturity (ASM), egg number (EN) during the first 12 weeks of laying period and mean egg weight at 28th, 30th and 32nd weeks (MEW). In this study, performance records of the Fars fowls collected by the Fars Breeding Center for Native Chicken, during 1991 to 2024 (31 generation) were analyzed. To estimation of (co) variance components, heritability's, correlations between traits and breeding values were estimated by multi-trait animal model using WOMBAT software in data related to the traits attributes the selection criteria (body weight at 8 weeks of age (BW8), body weight at 12 weeks of age (BW12), age at sexual maturity (ASM) , egg number (EN) during the first 12 weeks of laying period and mean egg weight at 28th, 30th and 32nd weeks (MEW) and correlated traits(body weight at 1 day of age(BW1), weight at sexual maturity (WSM), and egg weight at 1st day of laying (EW1)). The genetic trends of traits over 31 generations of selection, using average function of breeding values per generations were estimated. The highest and lowest heritability were estimated for body weight at birth (0.55±0.01) and egg weight at 1st day of laying (0.24 ± 0.01), respectively. Genetic trends of BW1, BW8, BW12, ASM, WSM, EN, EW1 and MEW were estimated, 0.18, 5.80, 11.21, -2.11, 6.35, 1.44, -0.08 and 0.37 respectively that all traits were significant. The results according to the estimated parameters showed that improvement of the mentioned traits are possible by selection. Ultimately, the development and improvement of native Fars poultry requires a comprehensive approach that simultaneously addresses research aspects (focusing on breeding improvement and technology), practical applications (training and modern breeding systems), and economic considerations (marketing and value-added creation). Success in this field will not only lead to increased productivity and profitability but will also play a crucial role in preserving the country’s valuable genetic resources, ensuring food security, and promoting sustainable rural development. The key to success lies in collaboration among research institutions, the government, the private sector, and the breeders themselves.
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