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The selection of varieties that are well-suited to diverse climatic conditions is a critical component of crop production programs, as it facilitates the optimization of water and soil resources, thereby enhancing both the quantity and quality of the produced goods. In the contemporary era, prominent breeding and variety production enterprises have made substantial endeavors to introduce purely industrial varieties in the potato processing industry, with the objective of enhancing the added value of potato production. This approach has effectively addressed the necessity for processing factories to produce starch, chips, and French fries. It is noteworthy that some of these varieties are multipurpose and, while maintaining their characteristics in the industry, have the ability to compete with varieties suitable for fresh consumption in terms of quality and yield.
The objective of this project was to evaluate a number of imported varieties and compare them with common varieties in important potato production areas in the country in terms of yield and quality. In the present project, eight new imported potato varieties were examined in two distinct experiments. In the first experiment, six varieties (Arsenal, Babylon, Larissa, Napoleon, Prince and Rilana) along with control varieties (Agria and Sante) in four regions (Fars, Ardabil, Khorasan Razavi and Hamedan) and two varieties (Eurostarch and Euroresa) along with two control varieties (Agria and Donata) in four regions (Fars, Hamedan, Khorasan Razavi and Isfahan) were studied in a randomized complete block design with four replications during the years 2022 and 2023 in private sector farms. The results of the analysis of variance of the data from the first experiment demonstrated that the simple effect of cultivar, location, and the interaction effect of location on cultivar and the triple effect of location, cultivar, and year were significant at the one percent level for all evaluated traits in different cultivars. Also, the interaction effect of year *cultivar and location * year * cultivar had a significant effect on all traits. The findings of this study indicate that the varieties Babylon, Larissa, Prince, and Rilana exhibited superiority in the majority of the studied traits when compared to the two control varieties. These findings suggest that the aforementioned varieties can be introduced as superior varieties for cultivation in temperate and cold regions for fresh consumption purposes as well as production for export. The two cultivars Napoleon and Arsenal were also superior to only one of the control cultivars in some traits. The results of the analysis of variance of the data from the second experiment also indicated a significant effect of cultivar on most simple evaluation traits, with the exception of the number of seed tubers per plant. Also, the simple effect of location had a significant effect on other traits except for starch percentage. Accordingly, the two varieties Euroresa and Eurostarch can be recommended and introduced for industrial use (starch production) in these regions and for spring cultivation.
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