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English abstract
Background
Iran holds a diversified range of farm animals with its relatively sizable livestock herds well adapted to different management methods and spread across ecological niches. In 2024, it accommodated one of the largest livestock population in the Middle East with 45 million sheep, 15 million goats and 4 million cattle. Small ruminants play a vital role in the food and financial security of whole nation including thousands of villagers and more specifically landless smallholder farmers across the country.
Pasteurella species are among frequently reported as serious disease pathogens in small ruminants. They are known as the leading cause of respiratory infections in sheep and goats of all ages.
Aims
To isolate and identify Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica in farm ruminants with a focus on sheep and goats using a purposive sampling method.
Methods and Materials
A cross-sectional study was planned and conducted from May 2023 to July 2025 in 16 provinces including Alborz, Boushehr, East Azerbaijan, Fars, Gilan, Hamedan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Isfahan, Kerman, Khorasan Razavi, Khouzestan, Kordistan, Sistan & Balouchistan.
Results
A total of 1896 samples (1483 nasal/pharynx swabs from clinic cases plus 413 lung specimens from abattoir cases) were collected. Out of the 1896 samples examined, 226 were positive for pasteurellosis, displaying a 11.9% prevalence rate. Pasteurella multocida accounted for 173 (76.5%) isolates including 126, 38 and 9 isolates from sheep, goats and cattle, respectively. Similarly, Manheima haemolytica accounted for 53 (23.45%) of the isolates including 53, 42 and 11 isolates from sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.
Conclusion
This study showed that M. haemolytica and P. multocida are the common causes of mannheimiosis and pasteurellosis in small ruminants, respectively.
Key words:
Pasteurella multocida, Isolation, Identification, Strain, Ruminants, Epidemiology, Host
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