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This research was conducted to evaluate the agronomic traits, adaptability, and yield stability of 24 bread wheat genotypes. The genotypes were tested at the dryland research stations in Maragheh, Urmia, Qamalu, Zanjan, Shirvan, Sararood, Arak, Ardabil, and Hamadan over three agricultural years (2019-2020, 2020-2021, and 2021-2022) under dryland conditions and supplementary irrigation (only in Sararood). The results of the pooled analysis of grain yield indicated a significant difference in grain yield due to the main effects of genotype, environment, and the genotype by environment interaction at a one percent statistical significance level. In this study, the environment was the most important source of variation, and the genotype by environment interaction was approximately five times greater than the genotype effect. The average grain yield of the genotypes in the experiment was 1565 kg/ha, with lines 9, 13, and 5 showing the highest average yields of 1738, 1738, and 1651 kg/ha, respectively, demonstrating greater yield stability compared to the control variety, which had a yield of 1643 kg/ha in the studied environments. Under supplementary irrigation conditions in Sararood during the three agricultural years of 2019-2022, lines 13 and 9 exhibited the highest yields and stability, with average grain yields of 3641 and 3583 kg/ha, respectively. The superior lines resulting from this project will be subjected to further testing in complementary trials (research-extension, disease evaluation, and quality analysis tests). If favorable results are obtained, they will be introduced as a new variety for cold and temperate cold rainfed areas, as well as for supplementary irrigation conditions in temperate cold regions.
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